IMF Explains Iraq's Exchange Rate Arrangement
The International Monetary Fund (IMF) has issued a brief explainer on Iraq's exchange rate arrangement.
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As part of a follow-up to last week's report on the state of the Iraqi economy, the IMF clarified as follows:
"Exchange Rate Arrangement
"Iraq's de jure and de facto exchange rate arrangements are classified as a conventional peg arrangement. The Central Bank Law gives the Board of the Central Bank of Iraq (CBI) the authority to formulate exchange rate policy.
"Effective February 8, 2023, the official exchange rate was set at ID 1,320 according to the closing prices of the daily bulletin of gold & main currencies published on the CBI website (www.cbi.iq).
"There has been a change to Iraq's exchange system since the last Article IV Consultation. Iraq continues to avail itself of the transitional arrangements under Article XIV, Section 2 but no longer maintains any restrictions under this provision. Iraq does not maintain any current account exchange restrictions or MCPs [Managed Currency Pegs]. Starting January 2025, all international transactions have been routed through commercial banks via their correspondent banking relationships (CBRs).
"The Central Bank of Iraq (CBI) replenishes these balances weekly based on foreign exchange demand and conducts audits to ensure that the allocated funds are used in compliance with AML/CFT regulations. Private banks are also encouraged to broaden their CBR networks, particularly with non-U.S. financial institutions."
Click here to download the full report.
Learn about the details of the new financial agreement between Baghdad and Erbil.
n informed source revealed details of a new financial agreement concluded between the federal government in Baghdad and the Kurdistan Regional Government on Wednesday, aiming to settle salaries, oil exports, and unify revenues .
The source told Al-Sa'a Network, "The agreement stipulates that the Kurdistan Regional Government will hand over 240 billion dinars in revenues for the months of May and June, at a rate of 120 billion dinars per month, in addition to handing over 230,000 barrels of oil per day to Baghdad, in exchange for the latter sending the salaries of the region's employees for those two months ."
He pointed out that "the regional government will actually begin the process of handing over local revenues from border crossings, along with the agreed-upon amount of crude oil, as part of implementing the terms of the new agreement ."
The source added, "The next phase will witness meetings between joint technical committees to review and audit figures and statistics related to oil exports and imports, as well as to discuss the region's share of the federal budget ."
Oil firms in Iraq Kurdistan shut in 200,000 b/d: Update
Updates with comments from the US State Department
Foreign oil companies operating in Iraq's semi-autonomous Kurdistan region have shut in more than 200,000 b/d of production following drone attacks on key oil fields, an industry group representing them said on Wednesday.
Operators are assessing damage to facilities and even firms that have not taken direct hits have taken fields off line, according to the Association of the Petroleum Industry of Kurdistan (Apikur), an industry body representing eight foreign oil companies operating in the region. The group called on the federal government of Iraq and on the Kurdistan regional government to take additional measures to ensure the safety of staff and facilities.
Individual members of Apikur, including Norwegian independent DNO and UK-listed Gulf Keystone, already reported shutting in production, in some cases as a precautionary measure.
The latest attacks on Wednesday targeted the Tawke, Peshkabir, and Ain Sifni oil fields, according to the Kurdistan region's Ministry of Natural Resources. In the previous two days, attacks targeted the Sarsang field operated by US independent HKN Energy, US firm Hunt Oil's facility in Baadre and the Khurmala field, according to the local authorities.
No group has claimed responsibility for the attacks. But in the first public accusation from a senior Kurdistan official, former Iraqi foreign minister Hoshyar Zebari on Wednesday blamed the attacks on Wilaya-aligned factions — a militia group loyal to Iran.
Deputy chief of staff to Kurdistan regional prime minister, Aziz Ahmad, via a social media post Wednesday, appealed to the US administration to enable the region "to defend ourselves", noting that the attacks targeted fields operated by two US companies.
"Still no call from [US secretary of state Marco Rubio]," Ahmad posted. "We need more than words."
The State Department called the attacks "unacceptable", adding that "we've expressed our dismay and our problem with them."
The attacks come as tensions between the Kurdistan region and Baghdad continue over the federal government's halt of salary payments to public servants and the prolonged suspension of oil exports through Turkey's Ceyhan port.
But both sides were reportedly close to a breakthrough in negotiations that could allow for the resumption of exports and a resolution to the salary dispute.
The Minister of Finance reveals the reason for the delay in approving the budget.
Finance Minister Taif Sami revealed the reason for the federal government's failure to approve the budget and the delay in submitting it to parliament, according to a statement by MP Rashid Al-Maliki on Wednesday.
Al-Maliki said in a statement today, "Finance Minister Taif Sami informed us today during her meeting at the ministry's headquarters that a committee in the Council of Ministers is working to complete the budget schedules."
Sami was also quoted as saying: "The reason for the delay is due to efforts to maximize non-oil revenues and find financial sources to cover the budget deficit from fees, taxes, service charges, etc., and that the government is committed to submitting the budget schedules."
Financial Sovereignty": Why Has Iraq Not Emancipated Financially from the Grip of the US Federal Reserve?
that is witnessingIraqIncreasing American pressure regarding a set of demands that it considersWashingtonEssential, foremost among them the issue of armed factions. These pressures have become more prominent recently when salaries were paid to members of the Popular Mobilization Forces, with Iraqi MPs asserting that the reason is due to American pressure exerted onIraqi governmentThere are also reports that Washington intends to restrict the flow of dollars into Iraq to limit their smuggling.
So why is Baghdad still subject to this financial arrangement two decades after the invasion? Why can't it receive its oil revenues directly, as other oil-producing countries do? And why have successive governments failed to free themselves from American financial hegemony?
Historical Background to Financial Hegemony
In May 2003,Security CouncilResolution No. 1483, which stipulated that revenues from Iraq’s oil and gas exports be deposited in a special account at the US Federal Reserve under the name “fundIraq's development.
A portion of these revenues - 5% of total oil and gas exports - was allocated to compensateKuwaitRegarding the damages resulting from the 1990 invasion, which continued until 2022 when Iraq completed paying its compensation, which amounted to approximately $52.4 billion.
According to MazharMohammed Saleh, the economic advisor to the Iraqi Prime Minister, the rest of the money was transferred to the accountCentral Bank of Iraq, which is responsible for financing the government and the Ministry of Finance with liquidity, given that the Iraqi dinar is priced in dollars.
Saleh adds thatUnited NationsLegal protection for these assets was provided under Resolution 1483, until it expired in 2011, following the implementation of Security Council Resolution 1956. In parallel, the US president issued Executive Order 13303 to protect Iraqi assets, a decision that remains in effect today despite some amendments.
According to Saleh, the goals of US protection of Iraqi assets are to ensure Iraq's reconstruction, protect its assets from compensation claims from companies and individuals, and avoid judicial seizure of Iraqi assets in cases filed since the 1990s.
Current US pressure
: Experts believe that Iraq, despite the expiration of many of the legal reasons that imposed this financial arrangement, remains subject to strict financial oversight by theWashington, differs from the usual procedures in the international banking system.
Dr.Abdulrahman Al-MashhadaniA professor of economics at the University of Iraq in Baghdad, Al-Mashhadani said that Iraq is facing unprecedented tightening of financial audits due to US concerns about money laundering, terrorist financing, and dollar smuggling, especially since Baghdad has not adhered to financial oversight controls in recent years.
Al-Mashhadani asserts that this audit has led to a significant decline in money laundering operations in recent months, citing the incident of "theftcentury"In 2022, more than $2.5 billion was smuggled, 70% of which was through Iraqi banks.
For his part, a member of theFinance CommitteeMP Jamal Kocher points out that most oil-producing countries deposit their money in the US Federal Reserve because oil is sold in dollars, but Iraq suffers from complete dependence on oil revenues without any significant alternative resources.
Kocher stresses that US pressure is not always exerted directly, but rather focuses on two issues:
- The use of US weapons outside the authority of the state.
- The smuggling of dollars to parties hostile to the United States.
In the same context, Al-Mashhadani explains that Iraq does not enjoy the same ease as other countries in disposing of its revenues, and suffers from a deficit inLibraCommercial interests, in addition to restrictions on the use of other currencies or an equal exchange system with other countries, weaken its ability to be financially independent.
Al-Mashhadani warns that the imposition of US economic sanctions on Iraq is not unlikely, noting that 32 Iraqi banks are currently subject to US sanctions, and Baghdad has not been able to lift any of them despite the passage of years.
Iraqi Voices
Economic researcher AnmarAl-ObaidiThe problem is not with depositing funds at the US Federal Reserve, but rather with the restrictions imposed on their free use, unlike other countries.
Al-Obaidi says that Iraq's political fragility and continued instability have prevented successive governments from settling the outstanding compensation issue, emphasizing that addressing this issue will enable Iraq to gradually achieve financial liberalization.
Al-Obaidi notes that the government's measures to combat money laundering and currency smuggling have achieved significant improvement over the past two years, but the country still needs banking reforms and comprehensive automation of its systems to bolster international confidence.
Economic analyst Saman Shali agrees, believing that ending US tutelage requires a courageous political decision from various blocs, in addition to working to rationalize spending and settle debts related to compensation from international companies.
Shali suggests using international law firms to negotiate with these companies, similar to what happened in the Kuwait compensation case, stressing that the process, despite its difficulty, will pave the way for Iraq to regain its financial sovereignty.
Options for Liberation and Financial Independence
Economists believe that liberating Iraq from the grip of the US Federal Reserve requires a comprehensive plan that includes:
- Completely reforming the Iraqi banking system
- Automating financial and accounting procedures
- Reducing corruption in financial institutions
- Settling compensation claims through international legal tools
- Diversifying sources of income away from oil.
Analysts believe that continued reliance on the US financial system without radical reforms will keep Iraq hostage to external agendas that restrict its ability to move.
Towards financial independence is conditional on political will,
despite the end of most of the legal restrictions imposed byinternational communityDespite Iraq's post-2003 financial situation, the country remains under tight financial control by the United States, reflecting the fragility of Iraq's economic and political structure.
The question remains: Does it have the capacity?Iraqi governmentWill the country have the will and ability to wrest its financial sovereignty, or will American influence continue to control the country's economic lifeline for decades to come?
The Kurdistan Ministry of Natural Resources calls on the federal government and the international community to take action to protect the region's energy sector.
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The Kurdistan Region's Ministry of Natural Resources called on Wednesday for the federal government and the international community to take action to protect the region's energy sector.
The ministry said in a statement that oil sites in Tawke, Peshkhabur, and Ain Safni, within the autonomous Zakho administration, and the Shekhan district in Dohuk Governorate, were subjected this morning to a series of terrorist attacks using explosive-laden drones. The ministry added that while the attacks did not result in any human casualties, they did cause significant material damage to the infrastructure of these oil fields.
In its statement, the ministry "strongly condemned these shameful terrorist attacks, which aim to undermine the economic infrastructure in the Kurdistan Region and pose risks to the safety of civilian workers in the oil sector."
The ministry called on "all relevant authorities in the federal government and the international community to take urgent action and take the necessary measures to protect the lives of civilian personnel, ensure the safety of the oil sector, and prevent the recurrence of such attacks in the future."
The ministry affirmed in its statement that it "will continue to exert maximum efforts to protect the lives of workers and strategic facilities, and to ensure the continued safe flow of energy in the region, the world, and the world."
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News reveals details of the new agreement between Baghdad and Kurdistan.
An informed source revealed details on Wednesday of a new financial agreement concluded between the federal government in Baghdad and the Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG), aimed at settling salaries, oil exports, and unifying revenues.
The source told Shafaq News Agency that the agreement stipulates that the Kurdistan Regional Government will receive 240 billion dinars in revenues for May and June, at a rate of 120 billion dinars per month, in addition to delivering 230,000 barrels of oil per day to Baghdad, in exchange for the latter sending the salaries of the region's employees for those two months.
He indicated that the regional government will begin the process of disbursing local revenues from border crossings, along with the agreed-upon amount of crude oil, as part of the implementation of the terms of the new agreement.
The source added that the next phase will witness meetings between joint technical committees to review and audit figures and statistics related to oil exports and imports, as well as to discuss the region's share of the federal budget.
For his part, an Iraqi government source said that the federal cabinet is awaiting the implementation of the Kurdistan Regional Government's pledges to resolve the current crisis.
He explained that the federal government is awaiting an official letter from the Kurdistan Regional Government to begin implementing the agreement by the relevant committees.
The Kurdistan Regional Government's Council of Ministers approved the new understandings with Baghdad during its session held this morning.
The roots of the recent salary crisis between the federal government in Baghdad and the Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG) lie in ongoing disagreements over oil export mechanisms and the unification of public revenues. This is a long-standing crisis that resurfaces from time to time, but it has significantly worsened since May 2025, when the federal government refused to send salaries to KRG employees.
Baghdad justified the delay in disbursement by Erbil's failure to deliver the agreed-upon quantities of crude oil (230,000 barrels per day) and its failure to transfer non-oil revenues from internal ports to the state treasury, which the federal government considered a violation of previous agreements included in the three-year federal budget law (2023-2025).
For its part, the regional government confirmed that it is facing technical and political difficulties in delivering the full amount of oil, especially given the ongoing suspension of oil exports via the Turkish Ceyhan pipeline since March 2023. This suspension stems from an international arbitration ruling against Turkey in the oil export dispute with Iraq. This has forced Erbil to rely on domestic exports to meet its financial needs.
After an airstrike, DNO temporarily suspends production in Kurdistan's oil fields.
Norwegian oil company DNO announced on Wednesday that it had temporarily halted oil production at the Tawke and Pishkhabur fields in the Zakho Autonomous Region of Iraq, after they were targeted by explosive drones.
The company said in a statement today that it will resume oil production from the two oil fields after assessing the extent of the damage caused by the drone attacks, confirming that the attacks did not result in any casualties.
Erbil talks about reaching an agreement to release salaries, while Baghdad denies.
Economic expert Nabil al-Marsoumi revealed on Wednesday that the regional government has agreed to deliver 230,000 barrels of oil per day to Baghdad.
Al-Marsoumi said in a tweet followed by the Iraq Observer: “News indicate that the regional government has agreed to hand over to Baghdad 120 billion dinars per month in non-oil revenues and 230,000 barrels of oil per day in exchange for Baghdad sending the salaries of the region’s employees.”
In a related development, a senior government source denied on Wednesday that any agreement had been concluded between the federal government and the Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG) to date regarding the salaries issue, stressing that the Council of Ministers is awaiting the implementation of the KRG's pledges to proceed with resolving the crisis.
Local Iraqi media quoted a government source as saying, "No agreement has been concluded between the federal government and the Kurdistan Regional Government to date, and the federal cabinet is awaiting the implementation of the regional government's pledges to resolve the current crisis."
Earlier today, Wednesday, the Kurdistan Regional Government's Council of Ministers announced the ratification of a new agreement between the regional government and the federal government regarding salaries and financial benefits for employees.
Taif Sami: The government is committed to submitting budget schedules.
Finance Minister Taif Sami stated on Wednesday that the government is committed to submitting the budget tables.
MP Raed Al-Maliki said in a post on Facebook: "Finance Minister Taif Sami informed us today during her meeting at the ministry headquarters that a committee in the Council of Ministers is working to complete the budget tables."
He pointed out that "the Minister of Finance explained that the reason for the delay is due to efforts to maximize non-oil revenues and find financial sources to cover the budget deficit from fees, taxes, service fees, etc., and that the government is committed to submitting the budget tables."
Oil: ExxonMobil in negotiations for job opportunities in Iraqi fields
July 16, 2025, 03:20 PM
The Ministry of Oil said that the American company ExxonMobil is in the process of negotiating to obtain job opportunities in oil fields in Iraq.
According to a statement issued by the Undersecretary of the Ministry of Oil for Extraction Affairs, Basem Mohammed Khudair, a copy of which was received by Al-Jabal, "there is increasing interest from foreign companies in investing and operating in Iraqi oil fields."
Khadir said, "Schlumberger has now commenced operations in the Akkas gas field in Anbar Governorate, while the past few days have witnessed a meeting in the Austrian capital (Vienna) that included the Deputy Prime Minister for Energy Affairs and Minister of Oil, Hayan Abdul Ghani, and representatives of the American company Chevron, during which investment in four exploration blocks in the Nasiriyah field was discussed."
Khadir confirmed that "the discussions also included the North Oil Company's Balad field development project," emphasizing that "the American company Exxon Mobil has expressed its willingness to re-enter the Iraqi market and is currently in the negotiation phase to obtain job opportunities within the oil fields."
Khadir considered that "these moves represent a positive indicator of international companies' confidence in Iraq's oil investment environment."
Sabotage: The Goal Behind the Drone Strikes on KRG Oil Infrastructure
Outlaw militias are striking Kurdistan's oil fields with drones to sabotage its economy and undermine negotiations with Baghdad. The attacks threaten stability and investment, drawing condemnation from the U.S. as "unacceptable."
While the efforts of the Kurdistan Regional Government and oil investment companies with the Federal Government to resume the Region's oil exports continue, outlaw militia groups are continuing their explosive-laden drone attacks on the Kurdistan Region's oil fields.
The U.S. Embassy considers these attacks a threat and says they are "unacceptable," while observers view the attacks as having a motive to destabilize and strike Kurdistan's economic infrastructure.
Dr. Saman Sorani: The drone attacks have political dimensions and the intention to disrupt Kurdistan's stability
Dr. Saman Sorani, an advisor on political and diplomatic affairs, views the drone attacks on the Kurdistan Region's oil fields as having a motive to disrupt the security and stability of the Kurdistan Region.
He told the Kurdistan24 website, "The goal of these drone attacks on the oil fields, aside from having political dimensions, is to disrupt the security, stability, and sovereignty of the Kurdistan Region, so that foreign companies cannot come to the Kurdistan Region for work and investment. For example, in the recent past, under the supervision of Prime Minister Masrour Barzani, two valuable contracts were signed with two American companies in Washington. This has concerned the countries that have influence over Iraq and possess militias, and in reaction to these agreements, they are attacking the Kurdistan Region's oil fields."
He added: "If the gas sector in the Kurdistan Region becomes stronger, Iraq will no longer be forced to import gas from countries in the region to generate electricity and meet other needs. This would cause billions of dollars in economic losses to the countries that export gas to Iraq. Therefore, this could be another reason motivating the militias to attack the Kurdistan Region and its oil fields."
Regarding why the attacks on the Kurdistan Region's oil fields are happening at this time, Sorani believes the drone attacks are related to the issue of the Kurdistan Region's employee salaries and the current relations between Erbil and Baghdad. He says Iraqi authorities want to weaken the Kurdistan Region economically and then control it.
Shahriyar Shekhlar: The drone attacks are a continuation of previous attacks and aim to increase pressure
Regarding the objective of the drone attacks on the Kurdistan Region, Shahriyar Shekhlar, an expert in economics and energy, told the Kurdistan24 website specifically that these attacks on the oil facilities and economic infrastructure of the Kurdistan Region are intentional and a continuation of previous attacks. Their goal is to “undermine the stability of the Kurdistan Region, which has been a key point of difference between the Kurdistan Region and other parts of Iraq for foreign and local investors.”
He added: "Threatening the Kurdistan Region's oil sector, which has been the engine of the Kurdistan Region's economy for the past 15 years, is intended to weaken the cards held by the Regional Government in future negotiations with the Federal Government and Iraqi parties to obtain the constitutional rights of the Kurdistan Region."
Shahriyar Shekhlar says: "Demonstrating the military capability and threat of outlaw armed groups to the Iraqi government and other countries comes at a time when there is talk of dissolving these groups."
He also noted, "As we have seen before, whenever negotiations between Iraqi parties or between the Federal Government and the Kurdistan Regional Government reach a sensitive and decisive stage, these attacks on the Kurdistan Region resume."
He says: "Currently, negotiations between the Regional Government and the Federal Government are underway to resolve the oil and salary issues. These attacks serve as a threat to the Iraqi government regarding providing the Kurdistan Region's share of the budget. They also become a threat to the agreement between the Regional Government and the oil companies in future negotiations with the Federal Government. Besides these points, the attacks will have an impact on the Federal Government and Iraq's official institutions, especially now that several important issues are being debated in the Iraqi Parliament."
Mariwan Qarani: We are awaiting a response from the Federal Government
Mariwan Qarani, Deputy Head of the KDP bloc and a member of the Security and Defense Committee in the Iraqi Parliament, commented on the drone attacks in a special statement to the Kurdistan24 website, saying: "We, as the Defense Committee in the Iraqi Parliament, are awaiting a response from the Federal Government regarding the continuous attacks on the oil fields of the Kurdistan Region."
He added: "These attacks are not aimed at the security and stability of the Kurdistan Region, but rather at targeting Kurdistan's economic infrastructure. The motives could be threefold. First, they want to damage the economic infrastructure of the Kurdistan Region because it has economic independence; Kurdistan has advanced through services and oil."
"Fundamentally, their problem is not with the oil fields, but they fear Kurdistan's economic independence. That is why they attack these fields, so that the Kurdistan Region suffers losses and is set back. Just like with the salaries, which they worked on jointly, these attacks are one of the interconnected issues."
"Second, we are certain that they are trying to create problems for the foreign oil companies working in the Kurdistan Region. The very presence of these foreign companies in the Kurdistan Region is an expression of Kurdistan's security and stability. Therefore, they are trying to disrupt that stability so that these companies can no longer invest and work, and Kurdistan cannot benefit."
Regarding the third point, Mariwan Qarani said: "We suspect that there are two other points behind these attacks. Currently, the Kurdistan Regional Government and the investing companies in the oil sector are in talks with Baghdad. It is not unlikely that these outlaw armed groups are doing this to disrupt the current situation and to pressure the Kurdistan Region to agree to the conditions set by Baghdad, while Baghdad's conditions are neither legal nor constitutional. On the other hand, their intention is to set back the Kurdistan Region economically in any way possible. The problem is not only about stability but also about the economic infrastructure."
Seven Drone Attacks in 72 Hours
In less than the last 72 hours, seven drone attacks have been carried out by outlaw Iraqi militia groups on the Kurdistan Region, within the borders of both Erbil and Duhok provinces, with six of the attacks targeting oil fields.
Early this morning, Wednesday, July 16, 2025, outlaw Iraqi militia groups targeted three oil fields in the Kurdistan Region with explosive-laden drones in the Zakho Independent Administration and Duhok. There were no casualties, only material damage.
Regarding the attacks, the Kurdistan Counter-Terrorism Directorate announced that at 6:00 AM and 6:15 AM, two explosive-laden drones attacked the DNO oil field in Peshkhabur in the Zakho Independent Administration.
Also, at 7:00 AM, another explosive-laden drone attacked another DNO oil field in the Tawke area, within the Zakho Independent Administration.
In a third attack, at 7:14 AM, militia groups targeted the American Hunt Oil field in Ba'adre, in the Shekhan district of Duhok province, with an explosive-laden drone.
This comes as yesterday evening, Tuesday, at 8:20 PM and 8:25 PM, two explosive-laden drones were shot down at the Khurmala oil field in Erbil province.
Also, at 7:00 AM yesterday, Tuesday, in the village of Milbarki, in the Chamanke sub-district of Amedi, the 'Sarsink' oil field was attacked with an explosive-laden drone.
On Monday, July 14, 2025, two explosive-laden drones crashed at the Khurmala oil field in Erbil province, and early on the same day, an explosive-laden drone was disabled and shot down near Erbil International Airport, resulting in no casualties or material damage.
Ministry of Natural Resources to the Iraqi Government and International Community: Prevent the Drone Attacks
Regarding the attacks, the Kurdistan Region's Ministry of Natural Resources issued a statement today, Wednesday, July 16, 2025, strongly "condemning these terrorist attacks" and noting that the purpose of the attacks is to "strike the economic infrastructure of the Kurdistan Region and create a threat to the safety of civilian employees in the energy sector."
It also directed a message to all relevant parties in the Federal Government and the international community to take immediate action to protect the lives of civilian employees, ensure energy security, and prevent further attacks on Kurdistan's energy sector.
Kurdistan Region Ministry of Interior: There is a kind of evasion from Baghdad regarding the attacks on the Region
Previously, the Kurdistan Regional Government's Ministry of Interior criticized the Iraqi Federal Government, stating in a clarification that the expectation from the relevant authorities in the Federal Government, when there is a threat to the Kurdistan Region or any other area of Iraq, is to take necessary measures, prevent the recurrence of threats, and punish the criminals. But unfortunately, "we feel there is a kind of cover-up and evasion of responsibility regarding the security transgressions being committed against the Kurdistan Region."
U.S. Embassy in Baghdad: These attacks are unacceptable and a threat
Also regarding the recurrence of drone attacks on the Kurdistan Region, the U.S. Embassy in Baghdad and its Consulate General in Erbil, while condemning the drone attacks on the Region's oil fields yesterday, Wednesday, emphasized: "The Iraqi government must prevent militias and armed groups."
The U.S. Embassy stated: "The Iraqi government must exercise its authority to prevent armed actors from carrying out such attacks on sites within the country, including those where Iraqi and international companies have invested in Iraq's future."
It also stressed, "These attacks are unacceptable, a threat to Iraq's sovereignty, and hinder Iraq's efforts to attract foreign investment."
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