Friday, October 29, 2021

WOTS FRI OCT 29 21 The Sadrist movement reveals a trend regarding the dollar exchange rate

WOTS FRI OCT 29 21  

The Sadrist movement reveals a trend regarding the dollar exchange rate

Here is today's My FX Buddies Podcast:







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These are the articles I discussed on the podcast:

Activists are arguing about the October demonstrations: an electric shock to renew the pulse.. but it was not mature 

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The Obelisk monitored, on Thursday, October 28, 2021, the reactions of Iraqis on social .media platforms about the Tishreen demonstrations on its second anniversary Mustafa Al-Falak: Tishreen is a revolution. We do not have the right to turn it into memories or occasions that end .in hours .Mustafa: We will never back down Jaber: Tishreen is the people, not a party, person, or component. Tishreen is the voice of the oppressed and the .holders of usurped rights. Tishreen is sects, sects, nationalities, city and countryside .Your wounded, O homeland: There is a door to red freedom... with every weary hand it knocks Sa`doun will pass: The October demonstrations are considered a historical symbol for all the free patriots, and .they were not intended to stand in this state, as their aim was to change the situation of Iraq for the better

 

Murad Ismail: As we commemorate our second anniversary, the international community must stand on the side of .justice .Salma Ali: October brought Iraq out of the dark .Sunset: Tishreen, as if it were an electric shock, restored the pulse in the dead hearts in order to revive Amjad Al-Hamdani: Tishreen is not only a revolution, it is the cornerstone that awakened the citizen to love Iraq .and belonging to its land and identity refuse .But activists attacked the October demonstrations .Alaa Saad: The period of demonstrations witnessed acts of sabotage and chaos Sattar Youssef: Our livelihood was cut off and we said it was okay, but I don't see that we benefited from any of .its outputs Yasmine Al-Khafaji: The demonstrations at the beginning were good, but they disintegrated after the demonstrators divided into groups, some of whom remained steadfast to achieve their demands, and some of .them carried out sabotage and some of them defended political parties Muhammad Omran: Demonstrations are successful when the desired change is achieved. Yes, there is change, but .it is not required because of the lack of unification of voices and demands Saadoun Yasser: Burning tires, hitting the security forces and attacking government departments, the !demonstrations were not fully mature 



Hungary is looking for opportunities for cooperation and economic partnership with the Kurdistan Region

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The new Hungarian Consul General in Kurdistan Region affirmed during his meeting with the President of Kurdistan Region, Nechirvan Barzani, today, Thursday, that his country is committed to developing its relations with Kurdistan Region, especially in the economic field, indicating that for this purpose they are looking for more opportunities for cooperation and partnership.

And according to a statement by the presidency of the region received by Shafaq News Agency, Barzani received, on Thursday afternoon, the Hungarian Consul General to the Kurdistan Region, Atilla Tos, noting that Barzani, in addition to congratulations and wishes for success and support for the new consul, expressed his thanks and appreciation to Hungary for its support to the Kurdistan Region and Iraq within the framework of The international coalition against ISIS and its provision of humanitarian aid to the displaced and refugees, and the desire of the Kurdistan Region to develop bilateral relations.  

The statement indicated that the new Hungarian consul expressed his pleasure in carrying out his duties and stressed that his country is committed to developing its relations with the Kurdistan Region, especially in the economic field, indicating that for this purpose they are looking for more opportunities for cooperation and partnership.

The Iraqi parliamentary elections, speculation about the future of the political process, the formation of the Iraqi government, and the war against ISIS were other topics in the meeting, according to the same statement


The Sadrist movement reveals a trend regarding the dollar exchange rate

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The Sadrist movement, led by Muqtada al-Sadr, confirmed today, Thursday, its quest during the next stage to change the exchange rate of the dollar against the Iraqi dinar.

The leader of the movement, Riyadh Al-Masoudi, said, in a statement that followed (Al-Oula News), that "the Sadrist movement will work through the Sadrist Parliamentary bloc as well as the new Iraqi government to change the exchange rate of the dollar against the Iraqi dinar, as raising the exchange rate has a great impact on citizens, especially those with limited incomes. The fact that this rise affected the rise in food prices and other things in the Iraqi markets.”

And he indicated that “the rise in oil prices in the global market will be a guarantee of providing financial abundance, instead of resorting to raising the exchange rate of the dollar, this is the economic solution, which Mustafa Al-Kazemi’s government worked on,” adding: “We will work to find other solutions other than him in a way that does not harm.” The Iraqi people, we are with the people in their aspirations and we will do everything that is in the interest of the people economically.




An economist expects the dollar exchange rate to remain stable in the range of 150 thousand dinars, compared to / 100 / dollars

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The economic expert, Raad Twij, suggested that the dollar exchange rate would remain stable within the range of 150 thousand dinars in the medium term.

Twig said in a statement to the National Iraqi News Agency / NINA / "It is expected that the exchange rate will remain stable in the medium term in the range of 150 thousand dinars, due to the extensive sterilization process carried out by the Central Bank of Iraq through the currency window and to satisfy the increasing market demand for the dollar."

Twig stressed that "Iraqi monetary policy is the use of innovative methods and new tools that reduce pressure on assets and assets from international monetary reserves to absorb part of the surplus cash demand and reduce the central bank's reserves as a major source of foreign currency by activating the investment movement in cash reserves in a way that compensates for lost cash as a result of using The method of managed criticism, and that the problem is that there is a monetary phenomenon in Iraq."

He pointed out, "The demand for foreign exchange has increased despite the increase in the exchange rate of the Iraqi dinar against the dollar, and extensive conversions of the Iraqi dinar to the dollar by the public, and its transformation into a kind of wealth instead of being traded as cash."



Suha Al-Najjar confirms from Italy: Iraq possesses non-oil economic resources and can be invested in various industries

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Head of the National Investment Commission, Suha Al-Najjar, confirmed that: Iraq possesses non-oil economic resources that can be invested in various industries.

She said in a speech on the work of the Global Industrialization Forum in the Italian city of Chernobio / Como, which is held at the official invitation of the Global Manufacturing Corporation and the United Nations Industrial Development Organization UNIDO. That: Iraq, despite all the challenges it faced, is proceeding at a steady and sound pace of recovery and advancement and looks to the future in a spirit of openness towards successful experiences.

Najjar added: There are non-oil economic resources owned by Iraq and can be invested in various industries.

And she stressed that: Iraq, despite all the challenges it faced, is proceeding at a steady and sound pace for recovery and advancement and looks to the future in a spirit of openness towards successful experiences and partnerships that enhance opportunities for the development of its sectors in the fields of cost, especially the industrial sector.

Najjar pointed out that: There are non-oil economic resources owned by Iraq and can be invested in various industries.

The head of the National Investment Commission invited all official bodies, companies and investors specialized in the industrial sector to consider expanding the horizons of cooperation with Iraq.

Al-Najjar invited the specialized companies to visit Iraq, stressing the readiness of the commission, the Iraqi state institutions and the relevant ministries to provide all facilities to start their work, and to build partnerships with the Iraqi public and private sector for the reconstruction of its various sectors, as well as its interest in cooperation; To have access to modern and advanced knowledge and mechanisms in managing his projects, and his desire to support projects with developing skills, empowering workers, creating the appropriate environment for job opportunities for his children, developing national production and raising the efficiency of services.

It is noteworthy that the United Nations Industrial Development Organization is a specialized agency of the United Nations, headquartered in Vienna - Austria. The main objective of the organization is to promote and accelerate industrial development in developing countries and countries with economies in transition, and to enhance international industrial cooperation.


Winter threatens shop owners and earners in Karbala.. Criticisms of the management of the Iraqi economy

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 Fear and apprehension among the earners about the winter, when there are fewer "employment" opportunities, as a result of the lack of construction and bad weather, at a time when many shop owners are concerned about the recession that hit their goods and led to the damage of some of them.

This situation applies to many cities of Iraq, including Karbala governorate, whose shop owner, Ali Karim, from Al-Hindiya district, told Shafaq News, "Today we find a clear loss of foodstuffs, as there is a depression at a high level in the market, which is causing Damage and expiration of these materials.

He added that "the accumulation of goods is a big problem facing shop owners, especially in the districts, sub-districts and rural areas whose citizens subsist on agriculture and various earning works."

For his part, citizen Karrar Nazim described the winter season as lean, as he told Shafaq News Agency, "Everyone knows that employment opportunities decrease in the winter, and his alternative was to work as a farmer in farms and orchards."

He added, "The social welfare salary has become one of my dreams to support my family and buy treatment for my young child who is suffering from the disease."

For her part, an expert in economic affairs, Salam Sumaisem, told Shafak News Agency, "The deteriorating economic situation indicates mismanagement."

And she continued, "There is no clear economic administration in Iraq," noting that "the white paper announced by the government worsened the situation."

She expected that, "we are witnessing a rise in oil prices, and the price of a barrel is expected to rise to $100," wondering, "why is the economic situation not improving?"

Simsim explained that "this is because of the economic management," indicating that "in Iraq we have money, but we suffer from mismanagement and corruption represented in the large salaries of some groups.


To gain investor confidence

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It is not possible for any foreign or local investor to put his money into projects in Iraq without securing the entry of that money into profitable businesses, stable atmosphere and ideal conditions for work in all respects. A market economy, which requires specialized national legislation and programs and systematic work systems in harmony with the philosophy of the free economy, which requires strong foundations to enable local or foreign investors to work comfortably and safely.
 
The foundation of reform and the basics of development and growth, which the Iraqis seek for their country, depend on changing the old patterns of the Iraqi economy, with modern methods, formations and laws, that will advance the development process in an accelerating and unzigzag manner, and abolish all concepts of closing in front of the economic developments taking place today, and not to be relegated to the bottom of ideas The obsolete that has disrupted many national projects aimed at promoting promising national development plans, especially those related to attracting investments from international or local companies specialized in various fields for a while now. short.
 
Liberalizing investment in the environment of the national economy and pushing it forward also requires the development of all levels, which are related to it, the most important of which is the removal of the distorted image that has been attached to the investment environment in Iraq, and on the basis of which the negative ideas of investors at home and abroad have deepened, and Iraq is considered a repulsive environment and unfit for it, and in a way Objectively, it must be said that there are factors that led to this undesirable view, including the confusion in managing files related to the implementation of large projects and the emergence of more than one sectoral party willing to manage them to a point where it is difficult for the investor to deal with this problem, and entering into the implementation of projects, which weakens confidence and reduces his chances of success at work out.
 
The process of implementing projects with the investing agencies also requires removing financial complications and contributing to accelerating the implementation of projects in the production and service sectors, the need to provide them with an atmosphere of security, and the adoption of the principle of benefiting from modern technologies for the investing companies, as well as the importance of government agencies realizing that entering into investment projects will provide many opportunities Work and advanced training courses for workers in any sector that can be invested in, and by relying on modern technologies in the field of business, and here an issue arises


It is inevitable to emphasize it, which is the need to notify the investor of the chances of success and profits that come through his entry into the implementation of projects in Iraq. It fits the picture of development in a world 
Today.

Below here is the daily WOTS report, the Word on the Street for October 29th, 21

he exchange rate of the dollar against the Iraqi dinar in Iraq today, Friday, October 29, 2021

Baghdad - Kifah Stock Exchange
147,825

The price of 100 dollars today in most Baghdad exchanges,
buying147,250,selling148,250

Baghdad - Al-Harithiya Stock Exchange
147,825

Basra - Bursa
147,900

Erbil - Stock Exchange
148,000

Sulaymaniyah-Bursa
147,975

Dohuk - Stock Exchange
148,000

Mosul - Bursa
148,050




The Markets:
The Asian markets closed mixed NIK up by .25% HSI down by .70% SHANG up by .82%
The UK markets are currently trading in the red from .52% to 1.19% 
Our futures are currently trading down  DOW at 35533 down  by .22% SNP at 4560 down  by .60% NDX at 15596.25 down  by 1.05%

Precious Metals:
Gold is red at 1796 Silver is red  at 24.05 Copper is red at 444 Platinum is red at 1020 
Brent 84 WTI  82   Bitcoin: 60,725  10 yr yield: 1.62

Favorite Currencies Forex Quotes

SymbolBidAskHighLowOpenChangeTime
 USD/IQD  1423.6000  1474.9000 1457.0000 1457.0000 1457.0000  -2.6000 09:48
 USD/VND  22750.0000  22753.0000 22750.0000 22749.9300 22750.0000  -12.6500 00:36
 USD/CNY  6.3957  6.3977 6.3982 6.3878 6.3902  0.0049 05:27
 USD/KWD  0.3011  0.3021 0.3014 0.3010 0.3014  -0.0003 05:11
 GBP/USD  1.3786  1.3787 1.3803 1.3764 1.3785  0.0001 05:27
 USD/IRR  42000.0000  42500.0000 42229.8000 42213.3000 42229.8000  0.7000 00:00
 USD/IDR  14208.0000  14211.0000 14223.0000 14150.0000 14198.0000  9.0000 05:27

Things in the News:

Iraqi Articles:

An economist expects the dollar exchange rate to remain stable in the range of 150 thousand dinars, compared to / 100 / dollars

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The economic expert, Raad Twij, suggested that the dollar exchange rate would remain stable within the range of 150 thousand dinars in the medium term.

Twig said in a statement to the National Iraqi News Agency / NINA / "It is expected that the exchange rate will remain stable in the medium term in the range of 150 thousand dinars, due to the extensive sterilization process carried out by the Central Bank of Iraq through the currency window and to satisfy the increasing market demand for the dollar."

Twig stressed that "Iraqi monetary policy is the use of innovative methods and new tools that reduce pressure on assets and assets from international monetary reserves to absorb part of the surplus cash demand and reduce the central bank's reserves as a major source of foreign currency by activating the investment movement in cash reserves in a way that compensates for lost cash as a result of using The method of managed criticism, and that the problem is that there is a monetary phenomenon in Iraq."

He pointed out, "The demand for foreign exchange has increased despite the increase in the exchange rate of the Iraqi dinar against the dollar, and extensive conversions of the Iraqi dinar to the dollar by the public, and its transformation into a kind of wealth instead of being traded as cash."

Hungary is looking for opportunities for cooperation and economic partnership with the Kurdistan Region

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The new Hungarian Consul General in Kurdistan Region affirmed during his meeting with the President of Kurdistan Region, Nechirvan Barzani, today, Thursday, that his country is committed to developing its relations with Kurdistan Region, especially in the economic field, indicating that for this purpose they are looking for more opportunities for cooperation and partnership.

And according to a statement by the presidency of the region received by Shafaq News Agency, Barzani received, on Thursday afternoon, the Hungarian Consul General to the Kurdistan Region, Atilla Tos, noting that Barzani, in addition to congratulations and wishes for success and support for the new consul, expressed his thanks and appreciation to Hungary for its support to the Kurdistan Region and Iraq within the framework of The international coalition against ISIS and its provision of humanitarian aid to the displaced and refugees, and the desire of the Kurdistan Region to develop bilateral relations.  

The statement indicated that the new Hungarian consul expressed his pleasure in carrying out his duties and stressed that his country is committed to developing its relations with the Kurdistan Region, especially in the economic field, indicating that for this purpose they are looking for more opportunities for cooperation and partnership.

The Iraqi parliamentary elections, speculation about the future of the political process, the formation of the Iraqi government, and the war against ISIS were other topics in the meeting, according to the same statement.



CBI Update:  Just  a note:

They have been having auctions and the ISX has been trading regularly; the sites just don't update in time to put the information in this report, unless it is 
here.   

Click on the link above for the latest update.

The CBI for rate is 1460

The currency auction For October  29th, 2021 total sales amount $ 170,171,263


ISX Update:   

www.isx-iq.net/

Shares Traded: not updated for today
Value Traded: not updated for today 

https://www.dinarguru.com/

10-29-2021   Newshound Guru Breitling   Question "Would a currency seller be a better or more immediate option?" As far as a currency dealer verses a bank you go with who will exchange it for the best rate.  It's that simple.  Who can exchange it for the best rate.

10-28-2021   Intel Guru MarkZ   [via PDK]  Don’t know if there was a hiccup or a hitch…but things still seem to be well underway. This juggernaut is rolling down the hill and rolling our way.   I have reached out to contacts in Iraq today to find out if contractors were able to free up dollars…but unfortunately it was too late in the day…I did not get an answer yet. I hope to have an answer to you by tomorrow morning.

10-28-2021   Newshound Guru Militiaman  ...I presume the questions are whirling around as to time and amounts? All I can say to that is they suggest digitization is upon us, so time is short.. As for valuations, that is a tricky topic as valuations depend on so many things. But, let’s just say they did tell us they want to go back to the previous era.. Well an era is a long time ago, not recent history. Glory days comes to mind.. Oil is not $45.. lol

10-28-2021   Intel Guru Holly  ...We are moving closer to the end of this and the beginning of all things we have waited for...Stay the course. The best is yet to come...


10-28-2021   Newshound Guru Pimpy   A new contestant has entered into the royal rumble and this is not one that you want to be playing.  Guess who is making themselves known.  Yep ISIS.  Article:  "The Diyala attack left a massacre...the result was 12 casualties and 15 wounded"  ...we don't want ISIS there.  Iraq has taken big strides to get back on track.  They have done great things to get back onto the international scene...this is just a small attack but let's hope this does not escalate.  I'm really troubled about what happened to Afghanistan...we don't want that to happen [in Iraq].  We want stability there...

10-28-2021   Newshound Guru BobTheTaxMan  Question:   "If I exchange IQD in the first quarter will I owe taxes on the exchange in the second quarter?"  The taxes are due in the quarter you have the gain.  For example: If you the exchange happened in February you have to pay the taxes due, both the federal and the state, by March 31st... [NOTE:  Consult your tax professional at the appropriate time for assistance in paying the right amount of tax for your situation.]

10-28-2021   Intel Guru MarkZ   [via PDK]   We are so close guys…there is so much happening…so much I am being leaned on not to say…I am still hearing great stuff…There is a lot happening that I was verbally asked not to repeat. I was asked to acknowledge that they consider this as an NDA. I am really not sure at this point what I should or shouldn’t say. So I am going to hold back today. I will share there is no negative news. All the news is very positive. It appears they are working through all the hoops. Dotting the I’s and crossing the t’s. I will leave it there for my own safety. It would really suck not to be able to exchange myself.

10-28-2021   Newshound Guru Breitling  Question: "After the IQD RVs do you believe the banks will exchange immediately or will they wait until the currency stabilizes?"  No they will trade immediately.

10-28-2021   Newshound/Intel Guru Mnt Goat  Article:  "THE CENTRAL BANK OF IRAQ: A LIST OF IRAQI BANKS THAT HAVE OBTAINED THE CLASSIFICATION OF ACCREDITED INTERNATIONAL AGENCIES"  Why would they do all this work to establish their international banking ability and to get all these ratings if they did not intent to trade and use the Iraq dinar internationally?...It’s coming…

10-28-2021   Intel Guru Holly   Most have been quiet and have moved in position and continue to do so. All currency test runs done. HSBC will lead the process.  US on full Alert for the redemption process...I will say we are close to our blessing. It is all getting ready to be at our level.




Catnip's Corner:
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ARTICLE 1-A (from PM Kadhimi's  website; posted only on Arabic side, not on English side)

Prime Minister Mustafa Al-Kazemi congratulates his Tunisian counterpart on the formation of the government 

Today, Thursday, Prime Minister Mustafa Al-Kadhimi made a phone call to Tunisian Prime Minister Najla Bouden, congratulating her on the occasion of assuming her position and forming the new Tunisian government.

During the call, Mr. Al-Kazemi expressed the most sincere wishes of the Iraqi government and people to the brotherly Tunisian people, and to the Tunisian government entrusted with continued stability, progress and prosperity.

His Excellency affirmed Iraq's interest in strengthening the bonds of communication and cooperation with sisterly Tunisia in various fields, as well as looking for more coordination of positions towards issues of common concern, and strengthening bilateral cooperation to serve the interests of the Iraqi and Tunisian peoples.

Media Office of the Prime Minister
28 - October - 2021

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ARTICLE 1-B (from PM Kadhimi's  website; posted only on Arabic side, not on English side)

The Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces, Mustafa Al-Kazemi chairs a meeting of the Ministerial Council for National Security 

Today, Thursday, the Ministerial Council for National Security held a meeting chaired by the Prime Minister and Commander in Chief of the Armed Forces, Mustafa Al-Kazemi, in the presence of a number of security and military leaders.

The meeting was devoted to discussing the security situation in Diyala Governorate, and developments in the work of the security committee formed by the Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces and sent to the province.

At the beginning of the meeting, the Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces offered his condolences to the Iraqi people and to the families of the righteous civilian martyrs who fell at the hands of the terrorist gangs of ISIS, asking God Almighty to include them in His mercy, and inspire their families patience and solace.

His Excellency promised the performance of the Iraqi forces in the speed of response and rapid response, with the outstanding heroic performance with which the brave men in our security forces were known.

Al-Kadhimi said: The ISIS gangs were looking for a foothold in the province, but it was impossible for them to do so.

His Excellency called on all parties not to take advantage of the citizens' tragedy; In order to achieve certain things, we must unite to defeat terrorism.

During the meeting, the Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces issued a number of directives to the security and military leaders in Diyala Governorate; In order to establish security and stability, and to eliminate the remnants of terrorist and ISIS takfir in it.

He directed His Excellency to activate the intelligence effort; To play its role, and diagnose any attempt to sow sectarian division, which we will not allow to return to.

Media Office of the Prime Minister
28 - October - 2021

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ARTICLE 2 (from Government of Iraq twitter account)

The Annual Government Performance Report issued by the Iraqi government on the implementation of the government program included accurate details of what has been accomplished in all sectors, the table below shows what has been accomplished in the culture and education sector.

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ARTICLE 3

Al-Kazemi calls for not allowing the return of sectarian division in Iraq
Thursday - 28 October 2021 

Iraqi Prime Minister Mustafa Al-Kadhimi called today (Thursday) not to allow any attempt to return sectarian division, and to unite to fight terrorism in Iraq, according to the German News Agency.

Al-Kazemi stressed, during the meeting of the Ministerial Council for National Security, in the presence of a number of security and military leaders, "the activation of the intelligence effort to play its role, and to diagnose any attempt to sow sectarian division that we will not allow to return."

He described the performance of the Iraqi forces in the speed of response and rapid response, as "the outstanding heroic performance that the men in our security forces were known for," pointing out that "the (ISIS) gangs were looking for a foothold in Diyala province, but it was impossible for them to do so."

Al-Kazemi called on "all parties not to exploit the citizens' tragedy in order to achieve certain things, and we must unite to defeat terrorism."

According to a statement by the Iraqi government, the meeting was devoted to discussing the security situation in Diyala Governorate, and the developments in the work of the security committee formed by the Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces and sent to the province.

He added that during the meeting, Al-Kazemi issued a number of directives to the security and military leaders in Diyala Governorate in order to establish security and stability, and to eliminate the remnants of terrorism and ISIS in it.

The Ministers of Interior, Immigration and Displaced Persons, the National Security Adviser, the Army Chief of Staff, the Deputy Commander of Joint Operations and senior officers had arrived in Diyala earlier today to discuss the repercussions of the attack launched by ISIS on the village of Al-Rashad in Diyala Governorate.

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ARTICLE 4

SQUA: Public debt in the Arab region will rise to historic levels of $1.4 trillion in 2020
October 28, 2021

On the eve of the G20 summit, ESCWA warned of the unprecedented increase in public debt in the Arab region, and urged creditors to extend the debt service forgiveness period until late 2022.

The United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (ESCWA) launched a new study today entitled "Lack of liquidity and high debt: Obstacles to the recovery path in the Arab region" - in which it indicated that the past decade witnessed an unprecedented increase in public debt in the Arab region.

Even in the high-income Gulf Cooperation Council countries, total public debt has nearly doubled, from about $117 billion in 2008, to about $576 billion in 2020.

Figures indicate that nearly half of the public debt in the Arab region is borne by middle-income countries, with total public debt rising from nearly $250 billion to $658 billion between 2008 and 2020.

In this context, Niranjan Sarangi, the supervisor of the study's preparation team, said that the Covid-19 pandemic has exacerbated the needs of countries in obtaining liquidity.

He added, "While the G20 initiative to suspend public debt service payments is expected to end soon, developing countries are concerned about the increase in their external debt service and their liquidity needs. In the Arab region, the total public debt has risen to a historic level of $1.4 trillion, representing About 60 percent of the region's GDP in 2020, compared to 25 percent in 2008.

Debt accumulation and inability to sustain it
The study notes that, for example, in 2020, Jordan, Tunisia and Egypt borrowed a total of $10 billion under the IMF's short- and medium-term borrowing mechanisms to meet their urgent liquidity needs.

In countries affected by conflict, such as Iraq, Libya, and Yemen, public debt reached $190 billion in 2020, nearly 90 percent of their GDP.

The fiscal and monetary policies pursued are still unable to build debt sustainability across the region. On average, the budgets of the GCC countries in relation to the primary balance after the decline in oil revenues since 2014 have turned from surplus to negative. Budget deficits were exacerbated in 2020 by COVID-19, reaching 11 percent of GDP.

In middle-income and least developed countries, primary balances have remained negative over the past decade, reaching 3 percent and 11 percent of GDP in 2020 respectively, and negative primary balances have led to increased borrowing to finance debt and extend outstanding debt.

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ARTICLE 5

Nutrition expert recommends the perfect dinner to avoid insomnia
10/28/2021 - 1:52 PM 

Russian nutrition expert, Dr. Anastasia Gavrikova, revealed the ideal dinner that avoids insomnia and helps him sleep, while indicating some foods that should be avoided in the evening.

The expert said in an interview with the Russian RIA Novosti news agency: "The ideal dinner meal should contain protein, vegetables, vegetables and healthy oils," noting that "the dinner meal can include, for example, boiled or steamed chicken meat with broccoli or cauliflower and some seasonal vegetables, lettuce and olive oil." Unrefined, after a meal like this one can fall asleep easily and quickly.”

She added, "Above all, you should refrain from eating foods rich in carbohydrates, and not eat a lot of dinner," explaining that "excessive eating in the evening may be linked to not eating breakfast and eating frequent snacks during the day, instead of full meals."

The expert advised all those who suffer from poor sleep, to give up eating pasta at dinner.

She indicated that “a person at dinner eats pasta with cheese and mayonnaise, and then drinks tea with dessert, it will be difficult for him to fall asleep quickly and sleep well,” noting that “the body at night does not need carbohydrates, but rather needs rest and not energy.” . Also, the body needs a few hours to digest this food, that is, instead of resting, the body is forced to work and waste its energy.”

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